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This paper analyzes the history and present of irrigation in agriculture in Uzbekistan to set future goals. The changes produced in the economic and political reality in Central Asia in this past century are of great importance for water management in the Aral Sea basin. This framework also considers the relationships between countries that share water resources. Changes in the market economy, the need to diversify the Uzbek economy, and the need to produce food make inevitable changes in water management. It is essential to address the modernization and improvement of the irrigation systems of Uzbekistan.

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